History
In 1933 AVRO designed type 652, based upon specifications of Imperial Airways for a airplane for internal airline services.
Type 652 was built in the same construction as its Fokker contemporaries, that is a steel pipe construction covered with linen and a wooden wing. Its tail section was covered with aluminium.
First flight of the aircraft was in January 1935. Imperial Airways ordered three aircraft.
In May 1934 the British ministry formulated specification G.18/35 for a reconnaissance aircraft with a crew of three members. This should be based upon an existing design.
Avro presented a somewhat changed design AVRO 652A based upon the civil AVRO 652. It differed from the AVRO 652 in that it had straight windows, the possibility to carry a bomb load of about 45 kg internal and eight bombs of about 9 kg each under the wings and a standard armament of one fixed 7,7 mm Vickers machine gun in the nose and one 7,7 mm Lewis machine gun in the dorsal turret.
Avro was allowed to built a prototype, which would compete with the De Havilland DH-89 Dominie.
Its maiden flight was March 1935 and proved to be much better than the DH-89, so production of the Anson started.
Versions.
- Avro Anson Mk I:
- December 1935 the first production aircraft, the Anson Mk. I, equipped with two Armstrong Siddeley Cheetah IX engines, was rolled out.
RAF Coastal Command squadron No.48 was the first squadron, operational on the first British military aircraft equipped with a retractable landing gear.
The Anson Mk I became the standard patrol and reconnaissance aircraft of both RAF as RAAF.
By the end of the thirties it became obsolete and to slow for it original task, so the Anson became the standard multi engine training aircraft.
>During the beginning of the war the Anson was a tremendous opponent. It proved to have a great resilience
Both Dutch squadron 320 and 321 Coastal Command were equipped with the Anson. It succeeded the old Fokker T-VIIIW. About 17 aircraft were used. The last one being discharged in 1941 from operational service. Several aircraft were still used by 320 squadron for training purposes.
A total of 6706 Anson Mk I were built. - Avro Anson Mk II/ AT-20:
- The Mk II was designed as a training aircraft for multi engine training.
it was used for the training of radio-operators, navigators, gunners and pilots.
It differed from the Mk I in the moulded plywood nose, hydraulic powered landing gear and flaps and two Jacobs engines rated 330 hp each.
All Mk IIs were built in Canada by Federal Aircraft Ltd. Totally 1050 Mk II’s were built, Fifty of them went to the USA as AT-20, equipped with Jacobs R-915-7 engines. - Avro Anson Mk III:
- The Mk. III differed from the Mk II in being equipped with two Jacobs L-6MB engines. These aircraft, a total of 559 examples, were built, also in Canada.
- Avro Anson Mk IV:
- The Mk IV was almost identical to the MK III. It differed only in that is was equipped with two Wright R-975-E3 engines. A total of 223 aircraft were built.
- Avro Anson Mk V:
- The wooden Mk. V was a Canadian development of the Mk I. of which 1070 aircraft were built. The oval cabin windows of the civil aircraft returned and the aircraft was equipped two Pratt & Whitney R-985-AN-12B or -14B engines, rated 450 hp each.
- Avro Anson Mk X:
- The Uk built Mk X was in fact a Mk I with an enforced cabin floor. It was designed for transport purposes. Totally 103 examples were built.
- Avro Anson Mk XI:
- In July 1944 a version for passengers and ambulance was released. The fuselage was enlarged and the ceiling was raised, enlarged cabin windows were added. The type was equipped with two Armstrong Siddeley Cheetah XIX engines. Ninety examples were built.
- Avro Anson Mk XII::
- This type was developed from the Mk XI and equipped with two Armstrong Siddeley Cheetah XV engines, rated 420 hp each. 254 examples were built in two variant, Mk XII series 1 with the original wooden wings and Mk XII series 2 with metal wings.
Post war versions
After the Second World War the production was continued for a while.
- Anson C.18
- a aircraft for patrol and police duties for Afghanistan and India,
- Anson C.19
- a transporter built for the RAF and the Avro Nineteen, the civil version of the C.19.
- Anson T.20
- a trainer for bombers with clear nose, to be used in Rhodesia;
- Anson T.21
- which was equal to the T.20 but a solid nose
- Anson T.22
- a radio trainer for the RAF.
Dimensions: | |||
Length: | 12,88 m | Wingspan: | 17,22 m |
Height: | 3,99 m | Wing area: | 43,1 m2 |
Weights: | |||
Empty weight: | 2435 kg | Max. start weight: | 3900 kg |
Performances: | |||
Max. speed: | 320 km/hr | Cruising speed: | 254 km/hr |
Rate of climb: | 228 m/min | ||
Range: | 1060 km | Service ceiling: | 5791 m |
Miscellaneous: | |||
Engine type: | Two Armstrong Siddeley Cheetah IX rated 350 hp each. | ||
Crew: | Four (when used as patrol aircraft). | ||
Armament: | Patrol aircraft: two machine-guns; bombs. |
In service with the RNlAF and320 & 321 squadron RAF.
In service with RNlAF.
This aircraft type device was in the Royal Netherlands Air Force primarily used for multi-engine training and navigation training.
The Ansons were purchased in 1946 and arrived in 1947.
The D-1, D-4 and D-5 entered service just one year later in 1948.
The Ansons were stationed at the CLO at the airbase Gilze-Rijen. All armament was removed.
They differed from the Ansons used by 320 and 321 squadron during the early war. Especially the cowlings were now changed completely and were more tightly and also the canopy and wind screen had changed. Probably these adjustments are made during a general overhaul.
Furthermore, most Dutch Ansons, had the turret removed; an exception was the D-19, but this Boulton-Paul turret differed very much from the original turret.
There were a number of aircraft equipped with a closed nose and others had a glass nose.
Later, the aircraft also used for light transport duties, as well as a photo plane.

[Enclosed photo from BeeldBank NIMH. Click on photo for ordering information]

[Enclosed photo from BeeldBank NIMH. Click on photo for ordering information]

[Enclosed photo from BeeldBank NIMH. Click on photo for ordering information]

[Enclosed photo from BeeldBank NIMH. Click on photo for ordering information]

[Enclosed photo from BeeldBank NIMH. Click on photo for ordering information]

[Enclosed photo from BeeldBank NIMH. Click on photo for ordering information]

[Enclosed photo from BeeldBank NIMH. Click on photo for ordering information]
In service with 320 & 321 squadron RAF.
The Anson succeeded the Fokker T.VIIIw at squadron 320 based at RAF Pembroke.
The aircraft used came from several other squadrons. Some times they retained their original squadron and aircraft codes for a while.
See the serial list below for further information about each individual aircraft. The aircraft were mainly used for protecting convoys, and patrol flights and Search and rescue missions.
March 1941 at 320 squadron an A-flight was formed, equipped with Lockheed Hudson MK. I and a B-flight, with Anson. During 1941 321 squadron dissolved, because of lack of (Dutch) personnel. The aircraft went to 320 squadron.
The Anson's main function was changed to crew training for the rest of the war.

[Enclosed photo from BeeldBank NIMH. Click on photo for ordering information]

[Enclosed photo from BeeldBank NIMH. Click on photo for ordering information]

[Enclosed photo from BeeldBank NIMH. Click on photo for ordering information]
Serial overview RNlAF and 320 & 321 squadron RAF.
AVRO Anson I RNlAF
Serial
|
Constr. number
|
RAF-serial
|
Date in service
|
Date out of service
|
Notes
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|
D-1 | LV199 | 10-1946 | 15-08-1952 | 19-06-1951 withdrawn from use. Storage at Depot Soesterberg; Written off. |
|
D-2 | LT703 | 09-1946 | 15-08-1952 | 19-06-1951 withdrawn from use. Storage at Depot Soesterberg; Written off. |
|
D-3 | MG840 | 29-08-1946 | 25-03-1948 | Out of service in 1948. Stripped and used for parts |
|
D-4 | NK651 | 29-08-1946 | 15-08-1952 | 19-06-1951 withdrawn from use. Storage at Depot Soesterberg; Written off. |
|
D-5 | R9594 | 29-08-1946 | 15-08-1952 | 28-03-1951 withdrawn from use. Storage at Depot Soesterberg; Written off. |
|
D-6 | MG110 | 20-06-1947 | 29-10-1952 | 02-05-1951 withdrawn from use. Storage at Depot Soesterberg; Written off. |
|
D-7 | EG672 | 13-11-1946 | 19-06-1953 | Written off. | |
D-8 | DJ661 | 30-11-1947 | 27-10-1953 | April 1953 withdrawn from use. Decoy at airbase Volkel. Used for fire practice. |
|
D-9 | LT982 | 28-05-1947 | 15-08-1952 | Ssolid nose. 19-06-1951 withdrawn from use. Storage at Depot Soesterberg; Written off. |
|
D-10 | LV125 | 28-08-1947 | 15-08-1952 | 13-11-1950 withdrawn from use. Storage at Depot Soesterberg; Written off. |
|
D-11 | MG783 | 18-07-1947 | 25-06-1953 | Glass nose. Written off. |
|
D-12 | DG816 | 18-06-1947 | 01-02-1949 | Never used and stored at airbase Twenthe; 1948 severe corrosion due to storage and not repaired. used for ground instruction. Written off. Used for fire drills. |
|
D-13 | EG140 | 04-07-1947 | 29-10-1952 | This aircraft was used by the Dutch Air Force in September and October 1946 for the ferry pilots. 04-11-1949 withdrawn from use. Storage at Depot Soesterberg; Written off. |
|
D-14 | LV132 | 05-1947 | 15-08-1952 | 26-06-1951 withdrawn from use. Storage at Depot Soesterberg; Written off. |
|
D-15 | DG804 | 28-05-1947 | 18-06-1952 | Solid nose. 04-11-1949 withdrawn from use. Storage at airbase Gilze-Riijen Written off. Used for fire drills. |
|
D-16 | LT889 | 28-05-1947 | 15-08-1952 | 19-06-1951 withdrawn from use. Storage at Depot Soesterberg; Written off. In 1954 as decoy to airbase Leeuwarden. In 1956/1957 Used for fire drills. |
|
D-17 | LT114 | 23-09-1946 | 27-10-1953 | Glass nose. 14-09-1953 storage at DVVM2 Gilze Rijen; Written off. March 1953 as decoy to airbase Volkel. Used for fire drills. |
|
D-18 | NK325 | 18-06-1947 | 15-08-1952 | 19-06-1951 withdrawn from use. Storage at Depot Soesterberg; Written off. |
|
D-19 | MG283 | 13-05-1947 | 15-08-1952 | Solid nose. Equipped with a Boulton-Paul turret. 17-07-1951 withdrawn from use. Storage at Depot Soesterberg; Written off. |
|
D-20 | MG635 | 04-1948 | 15-08-1952 | Solid nose. 28-03-1951 withdrawn from use. Storage at Depot Soesterberg; Written off. |
|
D-21 | MG736 | 1947 | 29-05-1947 | Solid nose. Written off 17-9-1947. Mid air collision with Anson D-22 near Tilburg |
|
D-22 | MH221 | 1947 | 29-05-1947 | Written off 17-09-1947. Mid air collision with Anson D-21 near Tilburg |
|
D-23 | LT832 | 07-1947 | 15-08-1952 | Solid nose. 19-06-1951 withdrawn from use. Storage at Depot Soesterberg; Written off. |
|
D-24 | LV279 | 08-1947 | 29-10-1952 | 09-03-1949 withdrawn from use. Storage at Depot Soesterberg; Written off. |
|
D-25 | MG227 | 1947 | 12-05-1948 | Glass nose. Written off. June 1948 to CW II (Centrale Werkplaats II) Delft and scrapped for spare parts. |
AVRO Anson I 320 and 321 squadron RAF
No squadron code was applied on the aircraft, only the RAF serial and the aircraft letter was applied. As the aircraft came from other RAF squadrons, the aircraft were of different versions of the Mk I. Also the aircraft carried the original codes for a while. | ||||
RAF-serial
|
Squadron-code
|
Date in service
|
Date out of service
|
Notes
|
---|---|---|---|---|
These examples were of the early version of the Anson I | ||||
K6175 | A | 27-07-1940 | 01-10-1940 | 321 squadron; . |
K6285 | MW-F | 05-07-1940 | 03-08-1940 | 321 squadron; Written off. MW-F is squadroncode of 217 squadron. This aircraft was on loan. |
K8706 | NO-W | 09-08-1940 | 10-10-1940 | 321 squadron; |
K8823 | Z | 22-08-1940 | 01-10-1940 | 321 squadron |
K8829 | E (?) | 05-07-1940 | 31-07-1940 | 321 squadron; Written off; |
These Ansons were of the later type Anson I with the improved windscreen. | ||||
N5064 | NO-O | 13-11-1940 | 22-07-1941 | 320 squadron; Written off |
N5105 | NO-D | 09-11-1940 | 01-04-1941 | 320 squadron |
N5202 | NO-E | 07-09-1940 | 18-04-1941 | 320 squadron |
N5237 | V | 09-11-1940 | 29-11-1940 | 321 squadron; Written Off |
N5357 | NO-X | 14-08-1940 | 01-11-1940 | 320 squadron; Written off |
N9535 | NO-H | 04-10-1940 | 25-02-1941 | 320 squadron |
N9742 | Y | 14-08-1940 | 29-11-1940 | 321 squadron; Written off |
R9598 | NO-C | 02-08-1940 | 10-10-1940 | 320 squadron |
R9826 | Z | 11-10-1940 | 26-11-1940 | 321 squadron; Written off |
R9827 | NO-A | 07-10-1940 | 07-11-1941 | 320 squadron |
W1672 | NO-R | 09-12-1940 | 20-06-1941 | 320 squadron |
W1789 | NO-S | 19-12-1940 | 11-02-1942 | 320 squadron |
Scale 1/72
Kits
- Airfix
- Kit 02009: AVRO Anson Mk. 1 (late type windscreen)
- This is the oldest kit of the Anson, originating from 1962. For the Netherlands Air Force version, the engine covers to be adjusted.
Previously, above the cowlings of the Airspeed Oxford (Frog / Novo) could be used. Unfortunately, this hardly available any more.
It is said that the engine nacelles are too small.
On the fuselage just behind the cockpit is a direction finder just like the one on the Dakota was present and also a radome was mounted. The turret was on the Dutch Ansons not present, so this opening should be sealed.
The canopy is at the top to straight and needs to be more rounded.
The propeller is tapered and it is going thinner in both directions.
The legs of the landing gear are too short and should be extended.
Furthermore, a landing light in the nose needs to be made, two small round windows above the nose and of this model both the interior and exterior is quite dull and need to be detailed.The windows of the kit are showing oblique bars, which are not correct. These bars are actually part of the hull structure, so this should be changed.
For an Anson of 320 and 321 squadron, the cowlings could remain, for some specific aircraft to the windscreen to be adjusted to reflect the early version of the Anson.
- This is the oldest kit of the Anson, originating from 1962. For the Netherlands Air Force version, the engine covers to be adjusted.
- Kit 02009: AVRO Anson Mk. 1 (late type windscreen)
- AeroClub Models:
- Kit K028: AVRO Anson C.MK. 19
- Special Hobby:
- Kit SH72074: Avro Anson Mk. I
- Kit SH72212: Avro Anson MK1 "Early version in RAF service".
- Kit SH72216: Avro Anson MK1 "Early version in Finnish service"

Modeling add-on
- AeroClub Models: in schaal 1/72
- Set C008: Canopy & Turret
- Set P024: Fairey Reed 2blade 7.6" diameter Propeller
- Falcon: 1/72nd scale
- VAX08: RAF Bombers WW2: Canopies for AVRO Anson, Fairey Battle, etc
- FlightPath
- Set 72020: Avro Anson GR1 Detail Set (Airfix)
- Tasman
- Set TA235: Oxford and Anson conversion and update set: 3 turrets and frames for Oxford and Anson; 2 engines and cowlings for Anson. {foor Tasman and Airfix kit]
Decals
- Carpena
- Set 72.33: Set for an Anson of Les Ailes de la Royale '46 - '60 (French Naval Air Service)
- Dutch Decal
- Set 72026: A decal set, released years ago, with options for a Consolidated PBY-5 Catalina IVA P-206 (post-war); PBY-5 Y-45 with flags; PBY-5 Catalina Y-69 black cat with flags; Dornier Wal F D-41; Airspeed Oxford C-14, HN182 overall yellow; Avro Anson D-23, HS188 overall yellow and Spirfire FR.Mk XIV XC MT853 of the Techical school LSK.
- Set 72055: Set containing decals for an Anson from 321 squadron.
- FlevoDecal
- Set FD72-004: Set decals KLu 1 Transva (Hudson, Proctor, Anson, Dominie, C47, L12, Auster).
- RAFDec
- Set 7212: Set with pre war RAF Ansons
- Set 7210: Set with post war RAF Ansons
- Print Scale
- Set 72-156: Set voor Ansons van verschillende RAF-squadrons
- KitsAtWar: 1/72nd scale (an identical set is available in 1/48th and 1/32nd scale)
- Set K4-17: Set with decals for an RAF Anson 320 (Dutch) squadron.
Scale 1/48
Kits
- Classic AirFrame
- Kit 4118: Anson Mk 1 with late type of wind screen.
- Kit 4119: Export version Anson Mk 1 with late type of wind screen.
- Kit 4120: Anson Mk 1 with early type of wind screen.
- Kit 4122: Export version Anson Mk 1 with early type of wind screen.
- Contrail
- SAN4847: AVRO Anson; C.Mk.19 - 23 (vacuform kit)
Modelling add-on
- FlightPath
- Set 48-112: AVRO Anson MK.1 Detail set for interior and exterior (for Classic Airframe kit).
Decals
- --
- Set --: --
Scheme | Colour name | BS number | FS number | Humbrol | XtraColor | Vallejo Model Color | Vallejo Model Air | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AVRO Anson RNlAF | ||||||||
Delivery scheme: Standard RAF trainer scheme | Upper surfaces | Dark Green | BS: 641 | 163 | X001 | 70.892 | 70.013 | |
Dark Earth | BS: 450 | 29 | X002 | 70.921 | - | |||
Underside | Trainer Yellow | BS: 356 | 154 | X106 | 70.953 | 71.078 | ||
The interior was RAf interior green; while the seats were black | ||||||||
Second Color scheme | Overall | Trainer Yellow | X116 | 70.953 | 70.013 | |||
Aircraft of 320 and 321 squadron RAF 1940-1941 | ||||||||
Standard RAF-scheme | Upper surfaces | Dark earth | BS: 450 | 29 | X002 | 70.921 | - | |
Dark Green | BS: 641 | 163 | X001 | 70.892 | 71.013 | |||
Under surfaces: light grey or aluminum (oldest aircraft?) | Light grey | BS:627 | 64 | X621 | 70.884? | - | ||
Aluminum | -191 | 70.864 | - |
Check www.paint4models.com for an extensive conversion table with lots of colour and paint systems.

AVRO Anson Mk. I.
A post-war Anson I of the Dutch Air Force in the standard RAF camouflage scheme, about 1947.

AVRO Anson Mk. I.
An Anson I in the standard RAF camouflage scheme applied in combination with the Dutch serial, about 1947.

AVRO Anson Mk. I.
The camouflage scheme applied on an Anson with glass nose in combination with the Dutch serial.

AVRO Anson Mk. I.
The camouflage scheme applied on an Anson with solid nose in combination with the Dutch serial.

AVRO Anson Mk. I.
The last colour scheme used by the Dutch AVRO Ansons with glass nose.

AVRO Anson Mk. I.
The last colour scheme used by the Dutch AVRO Ansons with solid nose.
Literature.
Nederlandse Militaire Luchtvaart in Beeld. deel 2 | Hugo Hooftman | 19 - 25 | 1978 | Uitgever Europese Bibliotheek; Zaltbommel |
Squadrons van de Koninklijke Luchtmacht | Willem Helfferich | pag. 124 | 1983 | Uitgever Unieboek b.v.; Houten |
70 Jaar Marine-LuchtvaartDienst | Nico Geldhof | Pag. 76 | 1987 | Uitgeverij Eisma b.v.; Leeuwarden |
KLu Vliegtuigen | W. Schoenmaker/Th. Postma | Pag. 80 | 1987 | Uitgave: De Alk Alkmaar |
Vliegtuigsquadrons 320 en 321 50 jaar | P. Staal & R. van Basten | Pag. 10 - 13 | 1990 | Uitgever Afdeling Maritieme Historie; 's Gravenhage |
Air Enthusiast no.42: The Chronicle of faithful Annie | Ray Sturtivant | Pag. 37 - 51 | 1991 | Key Publishing; Stamford |
Squadrons van de Koninklijke Luchtmacht (derde herzien druk) | Willem Helfferich | Pag. 23 | 1994 | Uitgevers Wyt; Rotterdam |
De geschiedenis van squadron 321: Nooit op de tweede plaats | Bart M. Rijnhout | Pag. 8 - 10 | 1984 | Uitgever De Bataafsche Leeuw; Amsterdam |
Warpaint Series no. 53: AVRO ANSON Mks. 1-22 | Allan W. Hall | Uitgave: Warpaint Books Ltd. Luton | ||
Koninklijke Luchtmacht: Vliegtuig- en registratieoverzicht 1945 - 2005 | C. v.d. Heuvel | Pag. 30 | 2004 | Uitgave: Flash Aviation |
De Vliegtuigen van 320 squadron | N. Geldhof | Pag. 48-71 | 2006 | Uitgave: Geromy, Maarssen |
85 JAAR Marineluchtvaartdienst in beeld. | Peter Korbee | pag. 68 - 69 | 2002 | Uitgever Korbee MLD Promotie; Valkenburg |
AVIA nr 10; okotber 1977: Luchtvloot van Plastic: AVRO 652A Anson | pag. 392 - 394 | 1977 | Uitgever Wyt; Rotterdam | |
De Modelbouwer, 1983. | E.J. Smithuysen jr. | pag. 553 - 556 | 1983 | Uitgever - |
Hobby Bulletin, Juli 1974: AVRO 652A Anson. | J.M. van Hest | pag. 14 - 15 | 1974 | Uitgever - |
Websites.