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History
The design of the Lockheed Hudson refers to the Lockheed 10 Electra originating from 1934.
This aircraft, of which almost 150 examples were built, was the first of a series twin engined aircraft designed by the C. “Kelly” Johnson team.
The Lockheed 12 Electra Junior was a somewhat downsized version of which 144 examples were built plus another 16 examples of the Lockheed 212, a bomber / trainer for the NEIAF.
Soon the larger Lockheed 14 Super Electra for 12 passengers was was released. This type had more powerful engines, wings with Fowler flaps and the wings were designed for high speed. It made its first flight on July 29, 1937.
Because it was smaller than its opponent the Douglas DC-3, just 122 examples were built.
In February 1938 Lockheed was visited by the BPC (British Purchasing Commission) looking for a replacement of their ageing AVRO Anson. The design team, which had already been thinking about a bomber version of the Lockheed 14, built a mock-up of the B-14L. Initially it had a nose and a dorsal turret. Because the British wanted the navigator / bomber in a clear vision glazed nose, the nose turret was abandoned an replace by a glazed nose section.
As the British were already impressed by the performance of the Lockheed 14 and because the Lockheed B-14L design was cheaper and could be delivered earlier than other designs, 200 examples were ordered, to be delivered before December 1939, plus an additional 50 examples which could be delivered later. Lockheed succeeded to deliver all 250 aircraft before December 31, 1939.
The first production Hudson, RAF serial N7205 made its first flight on December 10, 1938. Little problems occurred and it was sent to A&AEE at Boscombe Down for testing. The second aircraft serial N7206 went to Boulton Paul, for installation and testing the dorsal turret.
The Lockheed Model B-14L Hudson I was about 100 km/hr faster and could carry four times as much bomb load as the AVRO Anson at a range of about 3150 km, being almost double the range of the Anson. The Anson was, after being replaced by the Hudson, mainly used for training purposes.
The Hudson was an all metal aircraft with the well-known Fowler flaps shortening the landing and start. The crew consisted usually of a pilot, a navigator, a bombardier, a wireless operator and an air gunner.
The armament consisted of four .303 inch machine guns, two in the nose and two in the dorsal turret and a bomb load of 600 kg (1400 lb).
Production ended in May 1943. Oner 2900 examples were built.
Versions.
- Model B.14L Hudson I:
- initial production version with two Wright Cyclone GR1820-102A engines of 1100 hp each. 350 examples built.
- Hudson Mk. II:
- As Hudson I with a strengthened airframe and constant-speed propellers replacing the two-pitch propellers of the Mk.I. 20 examples built.
- Hudson Mk.III:
- 329 examples built equipped with two Wright GR-1820-G-205A engines of 1200 hp and a .303 machine gun at the bottom of the fuselage.
- Hudsons Mk.IIIA 800 examples delivered under Lend-Lease conditions.
- Hudson Mk.IV:
- 130 examples with two Pratt & Whitney R-1830-S3C4-G Twin Wasp engines of 1200 hp.
- Hudson Mk IVA:Idem delivered under Lend-Lease conditions.
- Hudson Mk.V:
- 309 examples, with minor improvements. 207 examples had an enlarged fuel capacity. Some of the aircraft were delivered under Lend-Lease conditions.
- Hudson Mk. VI:
- 450 examples.
- A-28:
- 52 examples of a version for the USAAF with two Pratt & Whitney R-1830 Twin Wasp engines of 1200 hp each.
- A-28A: version which could be used for transport of troops; 450 examples built.
- A-29: As A-28 with two Wright R-1820-87 engines of 1200 hp each; 416 examples built.
- A-29A: version which could be used for transport of troops; 384 examples built.
- PBO-1:
- 20 examples of a version for the US Navy.
- AT-18:
- Trainer for air gunners built for the USAAF ; 217 examples built.
- AT-18A navigation trainer built for the USAAF; 83 examples built.
Technical information about the Lockheed Hudson MK.I; Lockheed Hudson Mk.II; Lockheed Hudson Mk.III; Lockheed Hudson Mk.V and Lockheed Hudson Mk.VI
Dimensions: | |||
Length: | 13,51 m | Wing span: | 19,96 m |
Height: | 3,62 m | Wing area: | 51 m2 |
Weights: | |||
Empty weight: | 5275 kg | Max. start weight: | 7928 kg |
Performance: | |||
Max. Speed: | 395 km/u | Cruising Speed: | 275 km/u |
Climbing Speed: | - m/min | ||
Service ceiling: | - m | Range: | 3155 km |
Miscellaneous: | |||
Crew: | 5 men | ||
Engine type: | Two Wright Cyclone GR-1820-G102A rated 1100 hp each | ||
Armament: | Two machine guns in the nose; two movable in a turret; Bombs. |
Dimensions: | |||
Length: | 13,51 m | Wing span: | 19,96 m |
Height: | 3,62 m | Wing area: | 51 m2 |
Weights: | |||
Empty weight: | 5275 kg | Max. start weight: | 7928 kg |
Performance: | |||
Cruising Speed: | 275 km/u | Max. Speed: | 395 km/u |
Climbing Speed: | - m/min | ||
Service ceiling: | - m | Range: | 3155 km |
Miscellaneous: | |||
Crew: | Five men | ||
Engine type: | Two Wright Cyclone GR-1820-G205A rated 1200 hp each | ||
Armament: | Two machine guns in the nose; two movable in a turret; Bombs. |
Dimensions: | |||
Length: | 13,51 m | Wing span: | 19,96 m |
Height: | 3,62 m | Wing area: | 51 m2 |
Weights: | |||
Empty weight: | 5275 kg | Max. start weight: | 7928 kg |
Performance: | |||
Cruising Speed: | 275 km/u | Max. Speed: | 395 km/u |
Climbing Speed: | - m/min | ||
Service ceiling: | - m | Range: | 3155 km |
Miscellaneous: | |||
Crew: | Five men | ||
Engine type: | Two Wright Cyclone GR-1820-G205A rated 1200 hp each | ||
Armament: | Two machine guns in the nose; two movable machine guns in a turret; Bombs. |
Dimensions: | |||
Length: | 13,51 m | Wing span: | 19,96 m |
Height: | 3,62 m | Wing area: | 51 m2 |
Weights: | |||
Empty weight: | 5275 kg | Max. start weight: | 7928 kg |
Performance: | |||
Cruising Speed: | 275 km/u | Max. Speed: | 395 km/u |
Climbing Speed: | - m/min | ||
Miscellaneous: | |||
Service ceiling: | - m | Range: | 3155 km |
Crew: | Two aviators | ||
Engine type: | Two Wright Cyclone GR-1820-G205A rated 1200 hp each | ||
Armament: | None |
Dimensions: | |||
Length: | 13,51 m | Wing span: | 19,96 m |
Height: | 3,62 m | Wing area: | 51 m2 |
Weights: | |||
Empty weight: | 5995 kg | Max. start weight: | 10142 kg |
Performance: | |||
Cruising Speed: | 360 km/u | Max. Speed: | 456 km/u |
Climbing Speed: | - m/min | ||
Service ceiling: | - m | Range: | 3475 km |
Miscellaneous: | |||
Crew: | Five men | ||
Engine type: | Two Pratt & Whitney R-1830 S3C4-G Twin Wasp rated 1200 hp each | ||
Armament: | Two machine guns in the nose; two movable machine guns in a turret; Bombs. |
Dimensions: | |||
Length: | 13,51 m | Wing span: | 19,96 m |
Height: | 3,62 m | Wing area: | 51 m2 |
Weights: | |||
Empty weight: | 5995 kg | Max. start weight: | 10142 kg |
Performance: | |||
Cruising Speed: | 360 km/u | Max. Speed: | 456 km/u |
Climbing Speed: | - m/min | ||
Service ceiling: | - m | Range: | 3475 km |
Miscellaneous: | |||
Crew: | Five men | ||
Engine type: | Two Pratt & Whitney R-1830 S3C4-G Twin Wasp rated 1200 hp each | ||
Armament: | Two machine guns in the nose; two movable machine guns in a turret; Bombs. |